Systems of computers and their application in the lives of modern human beings are vastly expanding. In any kind of computer application, failure in computer systems can lead to a range of financial and mortal losses. Indeed, the major origin of software failure can be located in designing or implementing software. With regard to these statistics, 30% of the software projects have been prosperous and successful. The proposed method is intended to reduce the cost and time of testing and it focuses on enhancing the efficiency of software testing methods. In this paper, we investigated the effect of SLICING techniques on the reduction rate of testing cost and time. The results of experiments show that we can cover a large number of PROGRAM instructions, branches and paths by a small number of test cases in the sliced PROGRAM.

In the fifth generation of mobile networks (5G), managing the high traffic volume of applications and the needs of active objects in this network requires a strong, isolated, and secure platform. This is achieved by using the new concept of network SLICING. DBNS (a distributed approach based on blockchain) is a method of allocating resources in terms of network slices. Unfortunately, this method faces a security issue caused by the non-observance of data transparency. A smart As a result of the allocation of resources between providers, this article utilizes the smart contract feature of the blockchain to create data transparency, as well as a secure communication platform, in the context of network SLICING and among different service providers (SPs), creating a service and even reducing the delay imposed on the network. In this paper, we present a smart DBNS approach that uses smart contracts and blockchains to make interactions between SPs more secure and smart. The simulation results of the proposed method show that on average, the service delivery delay is reduced by 18% and 5%, respectively, in the two parts of the uRLLC and mMTC networks, and it promotes a new approach in the integration of these two technologies.

New emerging industries, such as vertical markets, need diverse networking requirements that the next generation mobile networks have to support effectively. Network SLICING is the basic solution to meet the diverse requirements of various services over a common network infrastructure. Different network SLICING architectures have been proposed; however, to the best of our knowledge, there is no unified architecture to cover all aspects of technology. In this paper, we propose a complete network SLICING architecture based on 3GPP 5G system that addresses a unified end-to-end approach. We show how this architecture can create and operate various slices in the core and radio access sections using SDN controllers, virtualization, NFV MANO, and 3GPP management functions. We do compare our proposed one with some famous network-SLICING architectures. The Comparison Results show that our proposed architecture is complete and covers all the aspects of network SLICING. It uses NFV management and orchestration capabilities and SDN controllers while being compatible with 3GPP Service-Based architecture. It also provides life cycle management of network slices in both creation and operation phases in both core and radio access domains of the 5G network. In addition, we have included a functional RAN layer split to lay the corresponding layers in centralized or distributed units according to the requirements of each eMBB, mMTC, or URLLC slice.

Introduction: Carrot is one of the most common vegetables used for human nutrition because of its high vitamin and fiber contents. Drying improves the product shelf life without addition of any chemical preservative and reduces both the size of package and the transport cost.....

Modified atmosphere packaging is one of the recommended methods to increase the shelf time and quality of fruits and vegetables. To design a good packaging, accurate respiration rate is necessary. In this research, selection of the proper mathematical equation in determining the respiration rate is investigated and respiration rate of peeled and ready to use carrots were measured at laboratory temperature (21±1oC) and refrigerator temperature (7±1oC) in the closed system. In addition, effects of temperature and SLICING were studied on respiration rate were studied. It was found both increase in temperature and SLICING, increase the respiration rate. Results of this research are necessary to design of modified atmosphere packaging.

Background and Aims: Overlapping of the proximal surfaces of posterior teeth in the panoramic radiography is a major concern. Therefore, an option has been developed in the panoramic unit of Planmeca Promax, namely improved interproximal mode. This mode causes lower horizental angle with the teeth contact region during the unit rotation decreasing overlapping of the panoramic images of the posterior teeth especially premolar teeth. The present study was done to compare the overlapping of posterior teeth using two techniques of improved interproximal panoramic PROGRAM and standard panoramic.Materials and Methods: In this diagnostic study, 32 patients requiring panoramic radiographies at their posterior teeth during their routine diagnosis and treatment process with the mean age of 27.3 years were participated. No patients showed crowding of posterior teeth or missed and restored posterior teeth. The participants' panoramic radiographies were randomly taken by two techniques of improved interproximal panoramic and standard panoramic using Planmeca Promax device. The overlapping of the panoramic images was blindly assessed by an oral radiologist. The overlapping in both techniques was reported by frequency and percentage. The comparisons were done by Chi-square test between two techniques and the odds ratio of overlapping was estimated using regression analysis.Results: In standard panoramic techniques, 38.5% (148 contacts of 384 contacts) of the proximal surfaces overlapped while the overlapping of the proximal surfaces was observed in 18.8% (72 contacts of 384 overall contacts) in improved interproximal technique. Significant differences were noted between two techniques regarding overlapping (P<0.001). Also 66.4% and 39.1% of 4-5 teeth contacts overlapped in standard and improved techniques. The values were reported to be 39.1% and 12.5% in contacts of 5-6 teeth and 10.2% and 4.7% in the contacts of 6-7 teeth in both techniques, respectively. The overlapping odds ratio in improved technique as compared to standard techniques was 2.72 more. While the odds ratio of overlapping in the contact regions of 4-5 and 5-6 teeth was 16.4 and 4.61 as compared to the contact region of 6-7 teeth (all: P<0.001). The lower or upper jaw with the patients' mouth side did not significantly influence the overlapping of the proximal surfaces in both panoramic techniques.Conclusion: Under the limitations of this study, improved interproximal panoramic significantly reduced the overlapping of proximal surfaces in the panoramic radiographies of posterior teeth as compared to the standard panoramic technique. Therefore, it can be used to detect proximal caries in the posterior teeth as a diagnostic tool. Using this option may affect other part of panoramic image which should be investigated in other research.